When expressed as a percentage of energy to the diet, human populations have historically survived on diets with greatly differing proportions of these macronutrients.
It is elusive as to whether there is a combination of macronutrients that provides optimal health. To maintain longevity and health, a combination of these macronutrients is required in our diet. Fat is composed of glycerol and fatty acids protein is an agglomeration of amino acids and carbohydrate is simple sugars occurring either as monosaccharides or chains of connected monosaccharides (e.g., starch) whose bonds are either hydrolysed in the human small intestine to monosaccharides or are resistant to hydrolysis (dietary fibre). The macronutrients, fat, protein and carbohydrate provide energy and essential components to sustain life.
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